Nadine brushing the Azores; 94L could impact Canada on Sunday
Tropical Storm Nadine is headed east-southeast at 10 mph, parallel to the Azores Islands, and tropical storm warnings continue for portions of the island chain. Nadine brought sustained winds of 26 mph, gusting to 38 mph to Horta Castelo Branco in the Azores at 8:30 am local time, and occasional heavy rain showers have affected most of the islands today. Nadine is a very large storm, as seen on visible satellite loops, and will affect the islands for at least two more days as it treks slowly to the southeast of the islands. On Friday, Nadine is expected to convert to an extratropical storm due to cool waters and the influence of an upper-level low. The final fate of Nadine is very uncertain; the extratropical version of Nadine could continue moving eastward towards Portugal early next week, or move back to the west-southwest and potentially become a tropical storm again.

Figure 1. Morning satellite image of Tropical Storm Nadine brushing the Azores (at right of image) and of an extratropical storm (94L) with a 40% chance of becoming a subtropical storm by Saturday (center of image.)
Extratropical storm 94L east of Bermuda may acquire tropical characteristics
A large, cold-cored extratropical storm about 700 hundred miles east of Bermuda (Invest 94L) has a well-defined surface circulation, and has been over warm waters long enough to develop a respectable amount of heavy thunderstorm activity, as seen on visible satellite loops. This low has the potential to become a warm-cored subtropical storm this week. Wind shear is a moderate 10 - 20 knots, but the low has plenty of cold, dry air aloft that is slowing down transition to a subtropical storm. The low is over warm waters of 28°C, but the waters under 94L will cool to 26.5°C by Saturday, as the system tracks to the west-northwest at 10 mph. 94L should turn to the north by this weekend and potentially affect the Canadian Maritime Provinces on Sunday. In their 8 am EDT Tropical Weather Outlook, NHC gave the storm a 40% chance of becoming a subtropical or tropical cyclone by Saturday morning.
Elsewhere in the tropical Atlantic, none of the reliable computer models is predicting tropical cyclone development through September 26.
I'll have a new post late this morning on Arctic and Antarctic sea ice.
Jeff Masters
Reader Comments
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Make sure you cross for fingers about the negative PDO remaining strong as well. If it doesn't remain powerfu, throw out the prospects of a winter as cool as some, including myself, are predicting.
...NADINE CONTINUES TO PASS SOUTH OF THE AZORES...
11:00 AM AST Thu Sep 20
Location: 36.2°N 29.4°W
Moving: ESE at 10 mph
Min pressure: 981 mb
Max sustained: 50 mph
Oh, it'll change eventually, when we run out of oil and natural gas; I expect when oil runs out, they'll try using liquified natural gas in retrofitted planes (and trains,) but eventually that will be depleted too.
Hydrogen is a joke, and is only going to be useful if you have an ultra-cheap, ultra-clean way of producing the Hydrogen. This implies either a biological means, or hydro, wind, solar, or nuclear. Of course, hydro is almost certainly out of the question unless we tap the Gulf Stream, because we've already dammed up every river we aren't using as a primary transport.
For the U.S., we'll need to cover half the country in wind and solar in order to make up for phasing out coal anyway, so what's left? Double or triple up on nuclear power plants, and use almost all of it for producing "clean" hydrogen?
Of course, there's enormous amounts of Geothermal energy in the U.S., but nobody uses it, because the majority of it is in Yellowstone and other protected national parks. Yellowstone has unimaginable heat reserves, and plenty of water, so it's perfect.
Ironically, in this case, if we quit trying so hard to save the environment...we'd do a better job of saving the environment.
And for what? So we can keep driving 50 miles both ways to work, and fly half-way around the world by the tens of millions every day?
Sorry for such a long quote, but it's necessary.
If you want to stop pollution, especially CO2, there's your answer. Replace as much Coal as possible by Geothermal. It's CHEAPER and cleaner. Sure there are things like sulfur and other corrosive compounds, but the fact that the energy costs so much less more than makes up for it. Besides, sulfur actually cools the atmosphere, which would help offset AGW some as well, and in terms of acid rain and ocean acidification, it will be about the same as Carbonic acid we are creating by the billions of tons per year anyway.
Geothermal:
No CO2, 40% cheaper, unlimited supply (in human terms,) and about the same acid.
vs
Oil, natural gas, and Coal:
LOTS of CO2 and about the same acid, and prices driven by inflation and demand, supply runs out in a few decades anyway...
Hmmm, it's not a hard choice.
Going to require switching one day soon anyway, so may as well get started ASAP.
Of course this is relevant to weather, as all pollution is relevant to weather.
If they want to protect Yellowstone, fine, leave it as a national park, and have the U.S. government build power plants there and sell the energy, that way a capitalistic company doesn't get to control it, and you get rid of the middle man so it will be cheaper anyway.
It doesnt matter how cold winter is for me, its all luck with a low and a cold airmass lining up to produce snow in GA, (which happens a more often in a -NAO)
GFS and Canadian are on board with this one.
Long range disturbance in the Caribbean:
Florida deserves a cold winter LOL
Make your own encryption algorithm, obviously, and don't pattern it after any existing algorithm.
I can make something right now which would use thousands of rotating keywords for each additional message and would require obscene amounts of time for a computer of any type to crack even if the same keyword was used twice in a row, by some accident.
The reason existing algorithms for encryption get cracked is because they are too simplistic.
One of the biggest problems is standardized documentation markups in things like spreadsheets and other database tools, as well as HTML. These standardized tags become easy targets for decryption. One possibility would be to develop a markup language with rotating tag names.
Anyway, I'm getting off topic now, but the point is there are lots of "non-quantum" solutions to encryption which are nearly impossible to crack under any circumstances. People have just been too lazy to bother doing it.
I did say visiting family and vacations are understandable.
Wow. Don't dehumanize me unless you fully read what I said at least.
hopefully some credible evidence
That would be "a grammatical error", or an error in grammar.
computer models is predicting
It's OK. Dr. M gets a pass on this one.........
Credible - yes. But evidence of what?
You're throwing the "f" word (fact) around at other people, then simultaneously you are making claims of a conspiracy theory where government is controlling weather through the use of planes?
Wow, what a tangled web we weave...
http://thingsbreak.wordpress.com/2012/09/20/natur al-gas-doesnt-mean-the-end-of-global-warming/
Quote:
Such articles fail to recognize two fundamental problems with the "Fracking Will Save Us All" meme.
1. Burning natural gas domestically doesn't keep coal in the ground. As US coal consumption decreased, coal exports increased.
It's great that US emissions dropped. But the atmosphere and ocean don't care where the coal gets burned.
2. These low natural gas prices are unsustainable. The US Energy Administration forecasts:
Because of the projected increase in natural gas prices relative to coal, EIA expects the recent trend of substituting coal-fired electricity generation with natural gas generation to slow and likely reverse over the next year. From April through August 2012, average monthly natural gas prices to electric generators increased by 34 percent, while coal prices fell slightly. EIA expects that coal-fired electricity generation will increase by 9 percent in 2013, while natural gas generation will fall by about 10 percent.
Ten seconds on google led me to this. Have you seen it?
Chemtrail conspiracy theory
Have you seen this?
Aircraft Contrails Factsheet
Or this?
Scientific Studies Regarding Aircraft Contrails and Cloud Formation
Technically, there would be "Chemtrails" even if there were no conspiracy anyway. If nothing else, CO2 and CO are produced, along with other pollutants from partial burning, as no combustion engine produces 100% full burning.
Even without a conspiracy, I'd expect:
CO2
CO
OH
From fuel components and impurities:
Nitrates
Phosphates
Sulfates
Mercury
Some metal oxides from depletion of engine components.
Global radiative forcing is included in the IPCC executive summary. I provided a citation for contrail radiative forcing; you are free to use your academic database to access it if you are actually interested in data and not wild conspiracy theories plucked from your rear.
Chemtrails are *not* a standard accepted theory, especially given the literally decades of research that have gone into contrail formation. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence, and the idea that governments are engaged in a massive chemical spraying operation is the height of ludicrousness. There is *no* evidence for chemtrails at all; it is debunked by the same reason the invisible pink insubstantial unicorn living in my garage is debunked, on the basis of lack of *any* evidence whatsoever. Every time there's a test - as an example, KSLA's story on supposed barium spraying in February of 2011 - it turns out there's absolutely nothing there.
You are piling on more and more unsupported assertions; you're now up to "chemical trails are modifying the weather," "chemtrails are an accepted phenomenon," and also "the appropriate way to handle extraordinary claims is to demand other people disprove them first." It's astonishing and a stain on a blog devoted to science and rational interpretation of data.
Whoa bubba, I said absolutely nothing about government controlling weather or conspiracy. This stuff is done by private industry and it's for the purpose of enhancing rainfall on city water supplies and power dams.
In order to maintain the status quo on net national CO2 production, we need to cut per-capita use of Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas(methane) consumption by about 14% per decade just to keep up with native population growth plus Immigration.
Seeing as how I've already cited facts showing that Geothermal is cheaper than coal by about 40%, and is arguably in the top 2 most reliable "clean energy" sources, then there is no good reason not to max out on Geothermal ASAP. It's cheaper per unit energy than Wind, it's as reliable as Hydro, heck maybe even more reliable, and it's about as energy dense as solar, though only in isolated areas.
Think about that. California alone is 20% of the nation's population, so if you can get 20% of our electricity needs just from the 9 western states mentioned in the wiki article, California is within range to ship the power. Plus it doesn't all need to be sent to California anyway, as they have immense solar potential as well.
The funny thing is, the energy companies are operated by idiots, especially the electricity companies. They should have made these changes decades ago.
IF you look long enough and hard enough you can find the information you want to support your view on any particular subject.
Understood master.
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