Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Irene's rains heaviest on record in Vermont; Tropical Storm Katia forms
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 3:40 PM GMT on August 30, 2011 +29
Record flooding continues in the Northeast from Irene's torrential rains. Hardest hit was Vermont, where heavy rains in the weeks prior to Irene's arrival had left soils in the top 20% for moisture, historically. Irene dumped 5 - 8 inches of rain over large sections of Vermont, with a peak of 11.23" at Mendo. The reading from Mendo was the greatest single-day rainfall in Vermont's history, according to wunderground's weather historian Christopher C. Burt, beating the 9.92" that fell at Mt. Mansfield on 9/17/1999 during the passage of Tropical Storm Floyd. The 13.30" that fell on East Durham, NY during Irene was just shy of New York State's all-time 1-day rainfall record: 13.70" at Brewster on 9/16/1999, from Tropical Storm Floyd.


Figure 1. Wunderphotographer 43BJAGER recorded this image of a house in Sharon, Vermont, that started out the week on the other side of this underpass.

According to the final Hurricane Irene summary from the NWS, the storm dropped 20" of rain in two locations, one in North Carolina and one in Virginia. Here are the highest rain amounts from the hurricane for each state:

Virginia Beach, VA: 20.40"
Jacksonville, NC: 20.00"
East Durham, NY: 13.30"
Freehold Twp, NJ: 11.27"
Mendon, VT: 11.23"
Ellendale, DE: 10.43"
New Hartford, CT 10.15"
Baxter St. Park, ME: 9.91"
Savoy, MA: 9.10"
Lafayette, PA: 8.82"
Pinkham North, NH: 7.33"
Warren, RI: 5.37"

Tropical Storm Katia forms
Tropical Storm Katia formed this morning in the far Eastern Atlantic off the coast of Africa. Katia will be in a moist, low wind shear environment with ocean temperature 1 - 2°C above the threshold needed to support a hurricane, and should be able to intensify to major hurricane strength when it passes to the north of the Lesser Antilles Islands 5 - 6 days from now. It is possible that some of the outer spiral bands of the storm might bring heavy rain squalls to the northern Lesser Antilles, but it would be a surprise if the core of the storm passed through the islands. The long term fate of Katia is unknown. Dr. Bob Hart's Historical Tropical Cyclone Probability web page suggests shows that tropical storms in Katia's current position have a 19% chance of hitting North Carolina, a 16% chance of hitting Canada, an 11% chance of hitting Florida, and a 47% chance of never hitting land.


Figure 2. The morning run of the GFS Ensemble prediction. The ensemble prediction was done by taking a lower-resolution version of the GFS model and changing the initial distributions of temperature, pressure, and humidity randomly by a few percent to generate an ensemble of 20 different computer projections of where Katia might go. The operational (highest-resolution) version of the GFS model (white line) is usually more accurate, but the ensemble runs give one an idea of the uncertainty in the forecast.

Katia is the 11th named storm this year, and comes a full twelve days before the half-way point of the Atlantic hurricane season. Climatologically, September 10 marks the half-way point. A typical hurricane season has just 10 - 11 named storms, so we've already had a whole season's worth of storms before reaching the half-way point. At this rate, 2011 will see 25 named storms, making it the 2nd busiest season on record, behind 2005. Katia's formation date of August 30 puts 2011 in 5th place for earliest date of arrival of the season's 11th storm. Only 2005, 1995, 1936, and 1933 had an earlier 11th storm.

Gulf of Mexico development possible late this week
Several of our best computer models for predicting formation of tropical cyclones, the GFS and ECMWF, are predicting that an upper level pressure interacting with a tropical wave now over the the Western Caribbean could combine to spawn a tropical depression in the Gulf of Mexico late this week or early next week. The formation location is likely to be off the coast of Louisiana or Texas, but the track of the system is hard to predict at this point.


Figure 3. Portlight volunteer Thomas Hudson clears a driveway yesterday in Hollywood, Maryland.

Portlight disaster relief effort in Maryland
Hurricane Irene heavily damaged the town of Hollywood, Maryland, when a tornado cut off electric power, water, and phone service. Portlight and Team Rubicon volunteers arrived before emergency personnel, after following up on a local tip. What they found was an isolated area whose plight was unknown to the larger community. Most residents were trapped at their homes by heavy debris. Portlight and Team Rubicon worked for two days to clear paths to each address, extract vehicles from debris, and cut down trees that constituted safety hazards. Portlight also instructed local residents how to operate and maintain chainsaws and safely clear debris. No other volunteer organizations or emergency personnel arrived at any time, and Portlight succeeded in meeting the specific needs of the underserved, unserved, and forgotten. Visit the Portlight blog to learn more; donations are always welcome.

I'll have a new post on Wednesday discussing if the evacuations and media hype surrounding Irene were excessive.

Jeff Masters
Categories: Hurricane
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2601. angiest 4:49 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Quoting DFWjc:


Do we have a problem here? Are you talking to me? LOL


Heheh. I grew up in Dallas and got away as quickly as I was able. ;)
Member Since: August 26, 2006 Posts: 16 Comments: 4757
2602. rushisaband 4:49 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
levi ...where are you? it's almost 9 o'clock in the morning. GOM analysis needed...yer up
Member Since: August 15, 2011 Posts: 0 Comments: 107
2603. reedzone 4:49 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Quoting jpsb:
I for one enjoy your posts and find them very insightful. No you are not always right but you are always thinking and you have the skills to think well too. :)


I can't say I was right with Irene.. I did have it coming up the East Coast of Florida, then the models kept shifting eastward. I was also wayy off in intensity.. too much dry air, more then I thought. Though I don't think I did a terrible job or wishcasted Irene to NYC.. Just looked at the pattern and saw the track there, was really a no brainer.
Member Since: July 1, 2008 Posts: 13 Comments: 7247
2604. midgulfmom 4:51 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Quoting WetBankGuy:
Anything that close to NOLA is liable to stagger a bit and head off in the opposite direction of its parked car.
ROTFL...ya killin me
Member Since: July 9, 2005 Posts: 2 Comments: 1002
2605. Levi32 4:51 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Member Since: November 24, 2005 Posts: 586 Comments: 25441
2606. Patrap 4:51 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
er..NEW BLOG for u F-5 types
Member Since: July 3, 2005 Posts: 370 Comments: 111244
2607. Elena85Vet 4:52 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Quoting stormpetrol:
Has anyone else noticed the tropical forecast points are removed from the visible floater on Katia?


Yes. The box checks, but no pts show up.
Member Since: August 18, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 619
2608. jpsb 4:53 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Quoting angiest:


The high continues to be forecast to back away (AFAIK) but if the system organizes a smaller area will get more rain (assuming it actually hits land somewhere). Houston has been saying south of IH-10 has the best chance.
Thanks got my fingers crossed here on Galveston Bay. Come on rain!
Member Since: June 30, 2009 Posts: 0 Comments: 578
2609. SPLbeater 4:53 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
man, Katia looks good! any possibility of RI at the moment?
Member Since: August 4, 2011 Posts: 43 Comments: 3953
2610. skep 5:00 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
renesys wrote a nice article on state-by-state network impacts of Irene, as she was moving along the east coast (incl. videoanimation, graphs ect.):


Hurricane Irene knocked out power to millions of homes and businesses as it travelled up the US East Coast this weekend. Even as the winds subsided, torrential rains triggered savage flooding throughout Eastern New York state and Vermont, tearing up roads and exposing the telecommunications infrastructure to further risks. The storm's impacts were clearly visible in the Internet's global routing table, as tens of thousands of networks were cut off from the rest of the world.


Link
Member Since: July 11, 2008 Posts: 0 Comments: 5
2611. Bootsie1 5:03 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Ok rain yes a tropical thing no. We need the rain we don't need a tropical thing in the gulf. What are the chances that Mississippi will get hit if it does develop into a tropical thing?
Member Since: July 16, 2005 Posts: 1 Comments: 61
2612. flsky 5:32 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
"FEMA disaster declarations set a record in 2011. The right cries socialism, but global warming is the real culprit."

Link
Member Since: October 24, 2006 Posts: 0 Comments: 1266
2613. Floodman 5:59 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Thsi is the GFS at 192 hours:



Bridged highs, a pronounced weakness on the east coast...this looks kind of bad, huh?
Member Since: August 2, 2006 Posts: 10 Comments: 9919
2614. wilburo33 6:08 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
Is this Al Gore and are you posting from your Jet?
Member Since: August 30, 2004 Posts: 0 Comments: 8
2615. wilburo33 6:10 PM GMT on August 31, 2011    
flsky
FEMA disaster declarations set a record in 2011. The right cries socialism, but global warming is the real culprit."

is this Al Gore and are you posting from your JET???
Member Since: August 30, 2004 Posts: 0 Comments: 8

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About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

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