Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog

Late-starting hurricane seasons
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 2:01 PM GMT on July 29, 2009 +2
Late-starting hurricane seasons--ones where the first named storm of the year doesn't occur until August--have happened in eleven of the fifty years between 1960 - 2009 (a 22% occurrence.) Only two of these eleven seasons ended up with more hurricanes than average (seven or greater). The record for the latest starting hurricane season since 1851 was set in 1914, when the only storm of the season formed on September 15. The year 1941 was also late starting, with the season's first storm arriving on September 11. Of course, we didn't have satellites back then, so it's a good bet there were storms earlier in these seasons that got missed. However, there's a good possibility that 1914 really did have only one storm. A re-analysis of the hurricane activity in the decade 1911-1920 (Landsea et al., 2008) found 1.3 missing tropical cyclones per year, thanks to the inclusion of a new database of ship weather reports called COADS. However, 1914 was not one of those years. Various authors have estimated that we missed an average of between one and three tropical cyclones per year during that time period, so it is quite possible 1914 had only one storm.


Figure 1. The hurricane season of 1914 featured only one tropical storm, and was the latest-starting hurricane season on record (September 15).

The latest dates for the first named storm of the season in the recent past, followed by the number of named storms, hurricanes, and intense hurricanes that year are:

2009 (August 15) 9,3,2
2004 (August 1) 15,9,6
2000 (August 4) 15,8,3
1988 (August 7) 12,6,3
1987 (August 9) 7,3,1
1984 (August 18) 13,5,1
1983 (August 15) 4,2,1
1977 (August 30) 6,5,1
1967 (August 30) 8,6,2
1963 (August 2) 9,6,2
1962 (August 22) 5,3,1

We can also add 1992 to the list if we ignore the unnamed subtropical storm that formed in April of that year. That year had the notorious Hurricane Andrew as its first named storm. Andrew formed on August 17 of that year, and was the only major hurricane in a year that had only seven named storms and four hurricanes. For comparison, an average Atlantic hurricane season has 10 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 2 intense hurricanes. So, it is a good bet that 2009 will be a below-average season.

References
Landsea, C. W. , D. A. Glenn, W. Bredemeyer, M. Chenoweth, R. Ellis J. Gamache, L. Hufstetler, C. Mock, R. Perez, R. Prieto, J. Sanchez-Sesma, D. Thomas, and L. Woolcock, 2008, A Reanalysis of the 1911-20 Atlantic Hurricane Database", Journal of Climate, 21, p.2138-2168.

Jeff Masters
Categories: Hurricane
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1001. CycloneOz 5:06 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    


This special production video from XtremeHurricanes.com and Brian Osburn is a public service message that drives home the point that when a mandatory evacuation order is given, those affected should not wait, but leave immediately. Strong Category 4 and 5 hurricanes will do incredibly serious damage not just along the coast, but well inland. Don't be fooled into thinking you can "ride it out." That very well could be your worst, and last important decision you ever make.
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1002. Cavin Rawlins 5:06 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting reedzone:
The GFS keeps going back from strong highs to strong east coast troughs.. It doesn't really know what the pattern will be in 2 weeks.


I'm hoping for a favourable pattern this year. Something like 2006, as it easier to track fish storms, it takes away the argument of "where it will hit"
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1003. Patrap 5:08 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
1004. StormChaser81 5:08 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Here are some really cool high resolution Animations of hurricanes that you guys will enjoy.

Hurricane Ike

Hurricane Andrew

Hurricane Gustav

Hurricane Hugo

Hurricane Season 2008

Enjoy
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1005. IKE 5:10 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1006. Cavin Rawlins 5:13 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Also I was asked the question and the answer is iincluded in the August outlook. A downward phase in the MJO is expected for alteast the next week, not 2 weeks as all the model forecast are not in agreement in the latter. But you could say a downward motion is expected for the next 1-2 weeks. But one should not develop the misconception that TCs cannot form within the downphase of the MJO, they can and they did. For example the MJO axis is near Indonesia-W PAC but yet TD6 developed. In simple terms, it lowers not eliminate the chances TC genesis.
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1009. Infowx 5:19 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
1949 started slowly; turned into a substancial season. 13 total storms. First storm developed on Aug 21st. 1961 had it's first storm on July 20th the next storm didn't form until Sept 2nd. 11 storms that year. That was the year of Carla. 1969 started slowly; first storm on Jul 25th. Season really got rolling on Aug 10th. Camille formed that year. 18 total storms. There was also a moderate El Nino present. At the end of Nov that year, H Martha affected Panama as a tropical storm. Very unusual to have land areas below 10 N affected. Other examples of slow starting significant seasons. Also important to note that all of those years were contained within the previous conveyor belt active period prior to the current one which started in 1995. The active period in the Atlantic tends to last about 40 years, in contrast to the inactive period (Most Recent, 1970-1994) which tends to last about 20 years. We are only 14 years into this new active phase; we could be in it for approx 24 more years. Slow periods can occur during the active period & Vice Versa.
1010. gwhite713 5:22 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Jeff, try these:http://www.research.gov/rgov/anonymous.portal?_nfpb=true&_windowLabel=news_1_1&news_1_1_action Override=%2Fgov%2Fresearch%2Fcore%2Fcms%2Fnews%2Fbegin&news_1_1nodePath=%2FBEA+Repository%2Fnews%2Fi tems%2F1243954934872&_pageLabel=page_latest_news





http://wattsupwiththat.com/2009/03/02/cooler-heads-at-noaa-coming-around-to-natural-variability/
http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=6609
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1011. cyclonekid 5:22 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Question---------

Are there signs of maybe a "Modoki El Nino"?
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1012. Drakoen 5:24 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting cyclonekid:
Question---------

Are there signs of maybe a "Modoki El Nino"?


Nope.
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1013. gwhite713 5:27 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Jeff as well as:To me this pretty much explains why we arent seeing many storms this season so far IMO.
http://www.sott.net/articles/show/189206-NOAA-S-and-GISS-s-Hot-Streaks-Continue-Despite-Satellite-S ensed-Cooling


http://www.sott.net/image/image/s1/24191/full/sst_anom.gif
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1014. Chicklit 5:28 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Thanks for that explanation of the MJO related to cyclogenesis, 456.
Perhaps with the absence of land-falling hurricanes to worry about, we should focus on plagues and pestilence.
Was astounded by the stats contained in this graphic. The world link can be accessed from here as well.Link
It appears quite a few children in summer camps are coming down with the H1N1 virus.
Go ahead, flag me for non-weather content...just wanted to make folks aware. I hadn't been following the flu's progress and was surprised.
Also, watched your vid Oz. "Sheer" as in "sheer terror" is spelled with two e's. "Shear" as in "wind shear" is spelled as indicated.
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1015. gwhite713 5:28 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1016. cyclonekid 5:30 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting Drakoen:


Nope.

Do you have a SST map (global) that i could see, please?
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1017. mikatnight 5:31 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting CycloneOz:
This special production video from XtremeHurricanes.com and Brian Osburn is a public service message that drives home the point that when a mandatory evacuation order is given, those affected should not wait, but leave immediately. Strong Category 4 and 5 hurricanes will do incredibly serious damage not just along the coast, but well inland. Don't be fooled into thinking you can "ride it out." That very well could be your worst, and last important decision you ever make.

Not a bad video Brian. A little long for a PS message. Think you should place special emphasis on “those affected” (by the evac order). I’m just afraid it scares people into evacuating who’d be better off staying and “riding it out”, which is exactly what the majority of folks here on the E coast of Fla should do is, ride it out. If you’re not in a evac zone or a structure that isn’t very strong (mobile home, etc) then you should stay put. If you do evacuate you should be looking to go as close to your home as possible, like a friend or family member’s home. Evacuating out of the region is a bad idea and puts you at greater risk. Besides, as soon as the storm is over you’re gonna want to see your place, and the further away you go, the harder it is to get back there.
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1018. Patrap 5:33 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
ALWAYS follow your Local Emg Mgrs orders in a Hurricane event.

They,..and they alone with your Local Authorities always have the Best info on Local Action.
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1019. reedzone 5:33 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting cyclonekid:
Question---------

Are there signs of maybe a "Modoki El Nino"?


Well one map earlier showed a "Modoki" type of El Nino forming around September. Most maps show a weak El Nino but I don't think it will reduce Hurricane activity as much as 2006. Maybe a 2002 type season. It is not out of the question that this El Nino switches to a Modoki, but should mainly stay a weak El Nino. In fact it might become neutral this fall.
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1020. TampaSpin 5:35 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1021. Patrap 5:36 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1022. gwhite713 5:39 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
NOAA has as expected announced that June 2009 for the globe was the second warmest June in 130 years, falling just short of 2005. NASA GISS which starts with NCDC GHCN and then adds their own special touches had this June the second warmest on record just behind 1998.

In SHARP contrast, NASA UAH MSU satellite assessment had June virtually normal (+0.001C or 15th coldest in 31 years) and RSS (+0.075C or 14th coldest in 31 years).

Satellite are widely believed to be the most reliable source of reliable trend information after you calibrate the differences as one bird gets phased out and a new one goes online. UAH and RSS have gotten very good at this in a very cooperative way in recent years. Satellites provide full coverage of the globe including the oceans which cover 70% of the earth's surface.

When you do a difference in the satellite trends of both UAH and RSS with NOAA, you see an increasing warm bias in the NOAA data which explains why months with major cold in the news get ranked so high by NOAA and not by the satellite sources. The difference started small in 1979 but is now approaching 0.5C (almost 1F)!


Also they in the last year made changes to the ocean temperature data base removing the satellite data that they claimed was giving a cold bias to the data. The oceans now are shown to be warm just about everywhere and was the warmest of the record. See NOAA's map below and larger here. Note most of the world's ocean were warmer than normal (for the oceans it was the warmest year).

IN short: Satelite is more reliable than land based stations suspect to dropout and faulty temps. Noaa should use satelite more.
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1023. KEHCharleston 5:39 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Question

Once the SAL decreases - how quickly does the SST's increase?- Naturally, I mean in the same area as the SAL ; )

Thanking you in advance
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1024. cyclonekid 5:39 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting reedzone:


Well one map earlier showed a "Modoki" type of El Nino forming around September. Most maps show a weak El Nino but I don't think it will reduce Hurricane activity as much as 2006. Maybe a 2002 type season. It is not out of the question that this El Nino switches to a Modoki, but should mainly stay a weak El Nino. In fact it might become neutral this fall.

Cool...Thanks!

So possible devestating hurricane to strike the US again, huh?
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1025. Patrap 5:41 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1026. mikatnight 5:42 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting Patrap:
ALWAYS follow your Local Emg Mgrs orders in a Hurricane event.

They,..and they alone with your Local Authorities always have the Best info on Local Action.


I agree 100%. Just trying to make people aware of the opposite of the obvious problem of people not leaving that should, is people leaving that shouldn't. Makes it harder on the folks who should. Also to avoid going too far away - again, it makes it more difficult and dangerous on everyone on the road.
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1027. gwhite713 5:43 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Surface stations VS Satelite

You be the judge.

http://static.cbslocal.com/station/wbz/wbz/2009/may/SurfaceStations.pdf
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1028. reedzone 5:45 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting cyclonekid:

Cool...Thanks!

So possible devestating hurricane to strike the US again, huh?


Well it's always possible.. I think I have been looking for a "Modoki" El Nino and right now signs of that are slim.. So I'm revising my predictions to 12/6/4..
14 down to 12 named systems
7 down to 6 hurricanes
and the same amount on them making major status.

Of course time will tell but, things can change and mother nature can prove all of us wrong. It will be an interesting season indeed. In fact my prediction on the tracks seem to be right based on the current pattern. If shear was low and 97L was a hurricane, that would have been a "classic" east coast Hurricane. Shear was deff our friend. These are the types of tracks i'm looking for come late August into September. That and a few out to sea storms, less GOM storms this year.
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1029. cyclonekid 5:47 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Question

Is there a BLOB in the southern Caribbean?
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1030. Patrap 5:49 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Anything,that enters or Forms in the GOM has 2 Options always..

One is to dissapate,..the other is a Landfall somewhere.

No one can predict tropical Genesis with 100% accuracy,and No one can offer even a inkling of a area not seeing a Hurricane,period.

To think one can is just feeding a ego.
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1031. stormsurge39 5:50 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Has the nhc named the hurricane in the pacific yet? just wundering!
1032. BurnedAfterPosting 5:51 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting stormsurge39:
Has the nhc named the hurricane in the pacific yet? just wundering!


What hurricane?

Its a Tropical Depression
1033. cyclonekid 5:52 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting BurnedAfterPosting:


What hurricane?

Its a Tropical Depression

Soon-to-be Tropical Storm Lana...we think
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1034. Patrap 5:52 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1035. reedzone 5:53 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Time life of 97L (after dry air and if the shear was 10-20 knots) A fun experiment.

97L becomes a TD Monday afternoon
TS Monday night or Tuesday morning before it makes landfall in DR
Landfall at 50-60 mph
Wave ahead of 97L gets absorbed as 97L enters out of DR as a weak TS (40 mph.)
Strengthens to a strong TS again Wednesday as it heads towards the Carolinas.
Becomes a Hurricane Thursday and quickly strengthens to near or at category 2 strength before becoming Extratropical in nature. Hits Long Island, NY with 80-95 mph. winds.
then dies out Friday

*I could be wrong on the timing lol*
This forecast is based if shear was lower then 25 knots. thru out the whole storms track.
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1036. Chicklit 5:53 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1037. stormsurge39 5:54 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
I was being sarcastic!! serious though, have you looked at the latest satt.It has to be at least a tropical storm!!!
1038. Patrap 5:54 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
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1039. cyclonekid 5:54 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Question

Is there a BLOB in the southern Caribbean?
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1041. Tropicsweatherpr 5:55 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting Weather456:


I'm hoping for a favourable pattern this year. Something like 2006, as it easier to track fish storms, it takes away the argument of "where it will hit"


456,I noticed in the 12z GFS run that the high pressure relaxes and retreats NE.Is that a sign of a negative NAO?
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1042. mikatnight 5:56 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    


Dadeland Mobile Home Park after passage of Hurricane Andrew. Despite the record-setting devastation in South Florida, only 15 people died during the hurricane, just 6 while still inside their homes. Most deaths in Florida occurred in the hours and days following the hurricane's passage, proving the greatest danger from a hurricane often lies after, not during the storm. Obviously, mobile homes are definitely not a safe haven during high wind events.
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1043. BurnedAfterPosting 5:56 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting stormsurge39:
I was being sarcastic!! serious though, have you looked at the latest satt.It has to be at least a tropical storm!!!


There wont be another update until 5pm EDT, then it will be a TS

It is not impacting land nor is it in the Atlatnic so there is no need to cut in with special advisory to upgrade it

1044. stormsurge39 5:58 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
That makes sense. It looks like its rapidly intensifing.
1045. hurricanejunky 5:58 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Good video Oz,
Reminds me alot of some of my family and friends' stories who went thru Andrew and didn't realize both how bad it was going to be and how poorly their homes were constructed. Some were newer too. They ended up in bathtubs huddling together or in hallways with mattresses on top of them. DOH! Poor construction greatly contributed to Andrew's rampage. We were in S. Ft. Myers so it was nasty (TS winds/hurricane gusts) but nothing like Coral Gables/Kendall/Cutler Ridge which is where everyone I knew was.
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1046. cyclonekid 5:58 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting btwntx08:

u can see for urself
http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/east/catl/rb-l.jpg

No...wrong BLOB. I was talking about the one east of Nicaragua.
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1047. IKE 6:01 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
TROPICAL WEATHER DISCUSSION
NWS TPC/NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL
205 PM EDT THU JUL 30 2009

TROPICAL WEATHER DISCUSSION FOR NORTH AMERICA...CENTRAL
AMERICA...GULF OF MEXICO...CARIBBEAN SEA...NORTHERN SECTIONS
OF SOUTH AMERICA...AND ATLANTIC OCEAN TO THE AFRICAN COAST
FROM THE EQUATOR TO 32N. THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS BASED
ON SATELLITE IMAGERY...METEOROLOGICAL ANALYSIS...WEATHER
OBSERVATIONS...AND RADAR.

BASED ON 1200 UTC SURFACE ANALYSIS AND SATELLITE IMAGERY THROUGH
1715 UTC.

...TROPICAL WAVES...

A TROPICAL WAVE IS ALONG 35W S OF 25N MOVING W NEAR 15 KT.
SATELLITE IMAGERY AND SATELLITE DERIVED WINDS INDICATE A BROAD
LOW TO MID-LEVEL CYCLONIC FLOW IN THE VICINITY OF THE WAVE AXIS.
THIS WAVE ALSO EXHIBITS A HIGH AMPLITUDE DEEP LAYER MOISTURE
MAXIMUM OBSERVED IN TOTAL PRECIPITABLE WATER IMAGERY. DRY AIR
AND SAHARAN DUST IS NE OF THE WAVE...AND ALSO W OF THE WAVE
AXIS. SCATTERED SHOWERS REMAIN EMBEDDED WITHIN THE ITCZ AXIS.

A TROPICAL WAVE IS ALONG 65W S OF 20N MOVING W NEAR 20 KT. THIS
WAVE COINCIDES WITH A DEEP LAYER MOISTURE MAXIMUM OBSERVED IN
TOTAL PRECIPITABLE WATER IMAGERY. SCATTERED MODERATE CONVECTION
ARE OVER THE WINDWARD ISLANDS AND SE CARIBBEAN FROM 12N-16N
BETWEEN 60W-64W...AND FROM 12N-16N BETWEEN 66W-69W.

A TROPICAL WAVE IS ALONG 94W S OF 21N MOVING W NEAR 20 KT. THIS
WAVE LIES IN A BROAD AREA OF DEEP LAYER MOISTURE OBSERVED IN
TOTAL PRECIPITABLE WATER IMAGERY ACROSS CENTRAL AMERICA AND SRN
MEXICO BECOMING MORE BROAD IN COVERAGE ACROSS THE E PACIFIC
REGION. SCATTERED MODERATE TO STRONG CONVECTION IS CONFINED TO
THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF THE WAVE OVER THE E PACIFIC.
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1049. msphar 6:02 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Besides PELE will just blow it out to sea, should it become a threat.
/sarc off
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1050. cyclonekid 6:03 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    
Quoting btwntx08:
sorry how bout this one
http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/goes/east/watl/rb-l.jpg

Ya that one
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1051. Orcasystems 6:04 PM GMT on July 30, 2009    

AOI

AOI


Pick a Blob... any Blob :)
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About JeffMasters
Jeff co-founded the Weather Underground in 1995 while working on his Ph.D. He flew with the NOAA Hurricane Hunters from 1986-1990.

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